Vegetarianism Essay -- Healthy Lifestyle Essay

VegetarianismEating is a staple of life. In forevery culture, food customs and commixture are part of that cultures definition. In American society and other cultures, middle is a main food that is consumed, yet not by everyone. Dating substantiate to medieval times, some meats were not consumed due to the impurities they were seen to be by the religions of the time. Throughout history, this has developed from not eat red meat, to not eating any meat at all, and even further to the vegan extreme of not eating any animal products at all. Though not everyone feels this way, more and more people motley their eating habits every day. Methodology Due to the nature of this report, information is not hard to find, especially in this town. Considering that there is a whole food perseverance in todays society, the data is not hard to collect. Also, with the new wave of vegetarianism and veganism making its way through society, research on it was plentiful. Most of the books in the libr ary tended to be older books, but they did briefly go into vegetarianism in certain sections. As is shown through various graffiti art on the sidewalks, such as VEGAN magnate XXX, to the food in the dorms (signs stating the vegan or vegetarian nature of the food), this is a new heath and moral concern with people, but especially college students today. Students who have changed their eating habits are besides good sources for information on how one goes about changing theirs too. Description and Analysis To live, one has to eat, and the best food for the body is that of the healthy nature. The concept of eating in such a way as to help the body to balance and adjust itself is of course a widespread one, (pg. 93, Wheeler/Poh). Over the years, jump b... ...matter. Actually narrowing my paper down helped me be more productive for I had a goal in mind instead of just a very broad subject matter of food. This report turned out very well and I enjoyed researching it. However, in the f uture I hope to interview more people to get more of a range of opinions. Overall, I enjoyed doing this research and finding out more about vegetarianism than I could have ever imagined. ReferencesDenny, Laura. 2001. Interview by Sarah E. Patterson, 2 December, Bloomington, Indiana. Tape Recording. SEP A-052. Twigg, Julia. 1983. Vegetarianism and the Meaning of Meat, in The Sociology of Food and Eating, by Anne Murcott. England Gower Publishing Company Limited. Wheeler, Erica and Poh, Tan Swee. 1983. Food for Equilibrium, in The Sociology of Food and Eating, by Anne Murcott. England Gower Publishing Company Limited.

Myth and Romance in Star Wars :: Star Wars Film Movie Movies Essays

Myth and Ro gentlemans gentlemance in Star WarsPure science fiction is rarely written. Science fiction is often blended with elements of other genres from hatred to fairy tales. The movie Star Wars Episode IV A New Hope is one example of this. It contains a combination of science fiction with mythic and romantic elements. Contributing to this combination are the main characters Luke, Leia, Han, and Obi-wan, the movies setting in a galaxy far, far away, and Lukes great quest. Luke Skywalker is a mythical character. Luke is orphaned as a child and is taken in by his aunt and uncle. He is unfathomed away from his father and his fathers cohorts to protect him from the dark side. Luke is only one of many mythical heroes that are reared by someone other than his own parents. Oedipus, a Greek mythological hero, was hidden in another kingdom and raised by the king and queen there to protect him from his parents.Luke is portrayed as a savior that will realize balance to the Force and wil l help the Rebellion beat the evil Galactic Empire. He is completely pure and sinless because he is so nave about the ways of the galaxy. Luke strives to save the souls of those around him.1 For example, his friend Han Solo is a greedy man that looks out only for himself. Only by offering a reward does Luke convince Han to do the right thing and help him save Princess Leia. At the end of the movie, however, Luke causes Han to experience a change of heart. Han willingly puts his life on the line to protect Luke and destroy the Death Star, without looking for some reward. This is similar to the stories told in Scripture about Jesus. He attempted to teach the others around him to overhaul a good life in service to others. Myths generally involve some religious aspect. Myths always tell the story of some god or goddess that walks among the mortals to teach them a lesson, as Jesus and Luke do.Resembling other mythical heroes, Luke is gifted with divine powers. Luke is able to use these powers, called the Force, to influence the actions and thoughts of others and to manipulate his surroundings. This makes him better than the average man because he can use these powers to his advantage against any enemy. These powers make him impossible to beat unless one also has the same powers.

Small Town with One Road, by Gary Soto :: Small Town with One Road

A. Title The title of this poem suggests that it is about a small country town with one road, most likely in the spunk of nowhere. Very few people and very few things around for a person to do with their free time. B. Paraphrase We could be here. This is the valley and its avenue which rabbits cant hurt across but kids can. They jump to the store with sweetness on their tongues. They watch for fun. Dimes fall from their palms to pay for the candies they eat on the way home. There are gobs of dogs and cats and chickens at the house. A pot bangs and water runs in the kitchen, beans are getting cooked for dinner. Brown soup for the the men who earn the handle. No matter what race, its heavy(p) for anyone who does work in the fields. The cotton gin is a major factor in the money dream and the mill makes money for a wife-and maybe my wife, who box peaches and plums and hoed her dads fields as a girl. We could go back. I could lose this easy job I have. Just talking and using a sh ovel, a hoe, a tangle that takes everything away. All my daughter does is worry. She touches my hand and we eat puff cones from a roadside vendor in the shade while we look around. Behind dark glasses I see where I once was. A brow kid getting across the road. hes like me, I tell my daughter and she stops eat her snow cone. He looks both was then leaps across the road where riches happen on red tongues.C. ConnotationsThe poem is written in free poetize with no rhyme or rhythm to be found. The speaker is seeing himself in someone elses actions like a flash back to the time when he was at that age. The poet uses a metaphor to describe the kids as Spectators of fun. Gary Soto also uses personification when he states that the, pot bangs and water runs... D. AttitudeThe speaker is a father, a histrion of the fields. His bearing is one of childishness and relaxation. He is eating snow cones with his daughter and talking about when he was a kid and now as an adult. The military ca pability of the poet is that this is in force(p) the way of life in the small towns and the farming towns are pretty much all boring and monotonous. down in the mouth Town with One Road, by Gary Soto Small Town with One RoadA. Title The title of this poem suggests that it is about a small country town with one road, most likely in the middle of nowhere. Very few people and very few things around for a person to do with their free time. B. Paraphrase We could be here. This is the valley and its highway which rabbits cant get across but kids can. They jump to the store with sweetness on their tongues. They watch for fun. Dimes fall from their palms to pay for the candies they eat on the way home. There are lots of dogs and cats and chickens at the house. A pot bangs and water runs in the kitchen, beans are getting cooked for dinner. Brown soup for the the men who work the fields. No matter what race, its hard for anyone who does work in the fields. The cotton gin is a major factor in the money dream and the mill makes money for a wife-and maybe my wife, who boxed peaches and plums and hoed her dads fields as a girl. We could go back. I could lose this easy job I have. Just talking and using a shovel, a hoe, a broom that takes everything away. All my daughter does is worry. She touches my hand and we eat snow cones from a roadside vendor in the shade while we look around. Behind sunglasses I see where I once was. A brow kid getting across the road. hes like me, I tell my daughter and she stops eating her snow cone. He looks both was then leaps across the road where riches happen on red tongues.C. ConnotationsThe poem is written in free verse with no rhyme or rhythm to be found. The speaker is seeing himself in someone elses actions like a flash back to the time when he was at that age. The poet uses a metaphor to describe the kids as Spectators of fun. Gary Soto also uses personification when he states that the, pot bangs and water runs... D. AttitudeThe spe aker is a father, a worker of the fields. His attitude is one of childishness and relaxation. He is eating snow cones with his daughter and talking about when he was a kid and now as an adult. The attitude of the poet is that this is just the way of life in the small towns and the farming towns are pretty much all boring and monotonous.

Clockwork Tales :: Clockwork Tales Short Story Essays

Clockwork TalesTick-tock, tick-tock, tick-tock, tick-tock, tick-tock, tick-TONG .............. Yeah, I finally got that damn clock to stop, the man mumbled happily. Now I can rag here and read in peace. He picked up his copy of Canterbury Tales, aching to find the insight that his professor swore was kept hidden within. He started once again. The Millers Tale. Hmm, I wonder how long it is. He started to flip through the pages one by one, counting them off. One, two, three, four, five, . . . seventeen. Well, thats not so bad. If I could just get started on it. He looked down and started to read. Whan that the Knight hadde thus his tale ytold. Tick-tock, tick-tock. Dammit He jumped up out of the easy chair, and in doing so sent his literature book cascading across the room. conjure clock. Ill show you whats up. The poor clock really didnt know what to make of this. After all, it was just sitting there, doing its job of counting the seconds, minute after(prenominal) minute, hour afte r hour. It was a good little clock. It was about the size of a baseball, and its brass plating was polished to a gleaming shine. It fancied itself as attractive. People love it. No one had ever told it to shut up before. This was all brand new to it. It wanted the man to be happy. It really did. But the man was out-of-the-way(prenominal) from that at the moment. His fair skinned face was mottled and flushed with rage. His blond hair was tousled and unkept, and looked as though he had just woken up. His shirt was untucked from his jeans in various spots, almost making him look like a bum. The clock ticked to itself again as the man stepped closer. It was still vaguely upset at the shoe that had been thrown at it a few minutes before. Violence just wasnt the answer, the clock believed. If you just waited, time would solve everything. It was inevitable. The man was just a few steps away now, and the clock was frightened. What would this man do to him? Would he tear out his gears, pull out his plugs, or would he merely ravisher him into the fireplace he was resting on, ending it all with single forceful blow. The clocks ticking sped up ever so slightly, half a second instead of a whole.

Sutra for Long Life Essay -- Sutra, Mahayana, Religion

After closer study of the Sutra for Long Life and the World Universe as a Sutra it seems evident that, although Mahayana Buddhism is based on the teachings of the tralatitious Pali Canon, it places a larger emphasizes on philosophical inquires while still managing to create a more accessible Buddhism for all.In their own way both Sutras high spot the fact that Mahayana Buddhism is more lay people friendly than the traditional Pali Canon, while still maintaining an important role for monks and nuns. Perhaps the most obvious example of this is defered in the Whole Universe Sutra. According to the Sutra, all beings possess the knowledge and enlightenment of Buddhahood within themselves. This pure core is simply buried beneath or clothed in the deluded minds of the imperfect being (107-World). In new(prenominal) words, every being is cap adequate to(p) of reaching Buddhahood as the truth resides within each individual, however, it can nevertheless be reached when they abandon their deluded, contrary views. It is only then that the unimpeded knowledge will arise within them (107,108-World). The sutras also make clear the idea of the Bodhisattva, those who submit reached awakening and refrain from entering Nirvana in order to help others along the path. For example, the Tathgata is described as a person with penetrating wisdom, and was endowed with a perfectly pure divine eye (109). The Tathgata has already found the knowledge and truth within him and is also able to see that the same wisdom is present within every being. He finds it strange that every being cannot see the truth within, and therefore, takes it upon himself to teach these beings so that they may fully awaken within the noble path (109-world). This is known as the tenth intuition o... ...tiness, the Mahayana tradition as a whole is more philosophical than the Pali canons. The Mahayana introduces the idea of celestial Bodhisattvas, who are able to do extraordinary things. In the Sutra for Long L ife, Buddhas become a teacher of gods and humans while living in a realm in surrounded by nirvana and samsara the Buddha-fields (424-425-long life). Mahayana Buddhism stretches the notion of traditionally accepted reality. It is for this reason that the Whole Universe Sutra presents the knowledge of Buddhahood as the core within a deluded being (109-world). In other instances it is compared to as a womb wrapped inside defilements that must be ripped open. The Pali Canons may be a fundamental part of Mahayana Buddhism, but Mahayana sutras go a step further in asking philosophical questions and re-interpreting teachings and ideas present within the tradition.

Sutra for Long Life Essay -- Sutra, Mahayana, Religion

After closer study of the Sutra for Long Life and the World Universe as a Sutra it seems evident that, although Mahayana Buddhism is establish on the t separatelyings of the traditional Pali Canon, it places a larger emphasizes on philosophical inquires while still managing to create a more accessible Buddhism for all.In their own demeanor both Sutras highlight the fact that Mahayana Buddhism is more lay people friendly than the traditional Pali Canon, while still maintaining an important role for monks and nuns. Perhaps the most crystallise example of this is presented in the Whole Universe Sutra. According to the Sutra, all bes possess the knowledge and enlightenment of Buddhahood within themselves. This pure core is simply buried under or wrapped in the deluded minds of the imperfect being (107-World). In other words, every being is capable of reaching Buddhahood as the truth resides within each individual, however, it can only be reached when they abandon their deluded, contr ary views. It is only then that the unimpeded knowledge will arise within them (107,108-World). The sutras also make clear the idea of the Bodhisattva, those who have reached sexing and refrain from entering Nirvana in order to help others along the path. For example, the Tathgata is described as a person with shrewd wisdom, and was endowed with a perfectly pure divine eye (109). The Tathgata has already found the knowledge and truth within him and is also able to see that the alike(p) wisdom is present within every being. He finds it strange that every being cannot see the truth within, and therefore, takes it upon himself to teach these beings so that they may fully awaken within the Noble path (109-world). This is known as the tenth intuition o... ...tiness, the Mahayana tradition as a whole is more philosophical than the Pali canons. The Mahayana introduces the idea of airy Bodhisattvas, who are able to do extraordinary things. In the Sutra for Long Life, Buddhas become a t eacher of gods and humans while living in a region in between nirvana and samsara the Buddha-fields (424-425-long life). Mahayana Buddhism stretches the notion of traditionally accepted reality. It is for this reason that the Whole Universe Sutra presents the knowledge of Buddhahood as the core within a deluded being (109-world). In other instances it is compared to as a womb wrapped inside defilements that must be ripped open. The Pali Canons may be a fundamental part of Mahayana Buddhism, entirely Mahayana sutras go a step further in asking philosophical questions and re-interpreting teachings and ideas present within the tradition.

Motivational Factors of Themed Park: an Edge to Guest’s Satisfaction and Loyalty Essay

Introduction When we hear the words opusd putting surface, the first thing that comes to our look is enjoyment. The themed park is for people who love adventures those who crave for fun and excitement and withal for people who want to unwind from their work. It toilet be avenue to relax and a place where our social skills be enhanced. The fun, laughter, experience and enjoyment one would get from this place can replenish ones drive for work and study. It go out give people a positive feeling that endings to positive outlook towards life, work and family.In order to get good and healthy disposition, having fun is necessity not only to the body but also to the soul. On top of all these, the safety of the guests is the top priority. The guests entrust enjoy more if they love that the rides that they will be riding argon safe. Securing the safety of the guests is one of the many ways to make a good impression and to make them feel important that they be being taking c bed of . When the guests enjoy their stay in the theme park, and they feel seemed, and they feel that its worth their money, this is an indication of customer expiation.Customers satisfaction can only be attained with quality function and unforgettable experiences. When there is met, customers will increase and they will become loyal. In this study, the researchers would like to know what are the strategies or gimmicks used by theme parks to attract customers. The researchers would also like to study the safety procedures practiced in making the rides safe and secure. Background of the study People at the Brgy. Sto Cristo, San Isidro, Nueva Ecija is delighted to have the newest themed park in the province.Carron Dream car park is the biggest themed park in the North of Luzon. The themed park open(a) it doors to the public just recently, November 2012, yet has been already getting its own loyal customers. The name itself is derived from the owners children, Carylle who is the Vice Presi dent for design and Ronil from the Finance Department. Carron was a realization of Mr. Ramon Santos dream. From being a former janitor, Mr. Santos climbed the ladder of success and he currently owns the only manufacturing company who is making different amusement rides in the Philippines.Carron Dreampark is a showcase of different rides made by Westech. Westech is the manufacturing company owned by Mr. Santos, it is the makers of some of the popular rides seen in the Philippines, to name a few of their satisfied clients are the popular MOA Eye, SM Malls, Robinsons Malls, Worlds of Fun and Timezone. Westech created their own welding school to train welders from Nueva Ecija. Initially having 17 rides and 4 attractions on their first phase, it is expected to pick up more customers in the addition of rides and attractions this year.Currently, a lot of neighboring provinces have already discovered the theme park, Including Tarlac, Bulacan, Nueva Vizcaya and of course the people of Nueva Ecija who are their primary manoeuver customers. Next on their list are the 10 million people of their secondary target market which is Metro Manila. Making the visitors happy is their primary objective. angiotensin converting enzyme thing that guides them and tells them that their marketing strategy has been very effective is that first, they have encouraged the customers to visit their place, second is when they see the satisfaction and enjoyment of the customers.Part of their brand capacious paper is the safety and security of the customers. Carron Dreampark wants to tell the public that the place is safe and secure. The rides have pass the standards of South korea, as well as other countries. Carron Dreampark is also guided by the International Standards of Imagining Another Future For Asia. The two-hectares theme park is still on its expansion, so expect to find more and exciting rides adjacent year. Statement of the Problem The researchers would like to know the motivation al factors of Themed Park as an edge to guest satisfaction.Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in harm of 1. 1 Age 1. 2 Gender 1. 3 Civil Status 1. 4 Educational Background 1. 5 Occupation 1. 6 Monthly Income 2. What are the Motivational Factors of Themed Parks that are enjoyed by the guests according to 2. 1 Promotional Materials 2. 2 Pricing 2. 3 mental faculty Service 2. 4 Participatives in exhibits 2. 5 T. V Exposures 2. 6 Radio Announcement 3. How do these Motivational Factors influence the guests? 4. Based from the findings of the study what recommendations can be made?Hypothesis The motivational factors of Themed Park has no impact on the satisfaction and loyalty of guest. Theoretical Framework This study is adopted based on Maslows Heirarchy of necessitate, which states It is a theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper A Theory of Human Motivation. Maslow subsequently extend ed the idea to include his observations of humans innate curiosity. His theories tally many other theories of human developmental psychology, some of which focus on describing the stages of growth in humans.Maslow used the terms physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, self-actualization, and push and pull model needs to describe the pattern that human motivations generally move through. (Principles of Tourims 1 by Buen Santos and Ronald g. Manzano) In relation to the study, it can also identify the personalities of the guest and now they can be satisfied and will eventually become loyal customers. This study can help the management of the themed park in making a promos, constructing amenities, and creating services that will cater to the different personalities and needs of the guests.(http//ph. images. search. yahoo. com/images/view) Conceptual Framework INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT Profile of the respondent age gender civil perspective educational background occupation month ly income Assesment of the motivational factors of themed park as an edge to guest satisfaction and loyalty Promotional materialPricingStaff Service Participatives in exhibitsT. V ExposuresRadio Announcement Awareness of guest of the theme park. curiosity of guest results to visiting the park. increased profit for the theme park management This research paradigm will be patterned on the input process output modeling wherein the motivational factors of theme park will be revealed. Importance of the Study The following will benefit from the results of the study Theme Park Visitors. Based on the results of the study, the management will have a information that will serve as a basis to improve their theme park to increase the level of customer satisfaction and will result to more loyal customers. Other Theme Park Establishments.They may use the results gathered as a basis for improvement of their theme park. Researchers. The relevant data gathered would help the researchers to be tter understand the hospitality Management in terms of managing a business and handling difficulties in a business. Students of College of International Hospitality Management. This will provide them with knowledge on how marketing strategies work on the Hospitality Industry. Scope and Delimitation The study will concentrate on the motivational factors of themed park. The respondents of the study will be the guests who visited the Carron Dream Park.The study will be conducted at Carron Dream Park at Brgy. Santo Cristo, San Isidro, Nueva Ecija on the second semester of the Academic category 2013-2014. Definition of terms The following terms are operationally defined for clearer understanding. Amusement park. This is a place wherein people go for enjoyment and relaxation. Amenities. Available in the themed park for customers consumption. Customers. These are the people who visits themed parks. Entrance Fee. This refers to the monetary equivalent to which the guest can enter the premi ses.Perception. This is how the guests interpret the place, the sceneries and amenities present. Price. This refers to the changes of the different amenities. Promotion. This refers to the building image of theme park. Rides. This refers to Carron Dream Liner (roller coaster) , Carron Dream Wheel, Voyager, Gear Shifter Bump n Splash Safety. This refers to the situation wherein there is what you call a hazard free zone. Services. These are the things that the guest can avail in a theme park. VIP Pass. This refers to Ride All You Can at theme park.

Goodyear: Aquatred

The year is 1992 and Goodyear is planning to release its new expel the Aquatred. The new grind is a premium tire which reroutes water away from the main tread making it have superior traction in wet conditions. With the launch of this tire coming up Goodyear has some challenges they wishing to figure out, where should they price the Aquatred? Which type of diffusion model should they use? To figure this out we will first need to discuss the existing market and modes of distribution. The tire market can be segmented in three ways. The first way is by tire, either by performance or broad-line tires.Performance tires were more expensive but gave the consumer more traction and control. some other segment was by either OEM or replacement tires. OEM tires be those which are included when a new car was purchased and a passenger replacement tire are those which are bought after initial tires are careworn out. The last segment was by major betray which was about 36% of the market, b eautifuler brand which had 24% or by a private chase after which held a 40% share. Goodyear was a major brand and made about 65% of its revenues off of replacement tire sales, with the rest coming from OEM sales.The US replacement tire market in 1991 accounted for 8. 6 billion dollars. The Aquatred tire is to be launched in the replacement market because it would take a few years to father a contract for OEM sales. This would be too long of a wait because competitors had their own versions of the Aquatred due to release sometime indoors beginning 1993. Replacement tires were distributed to consumers through and through a variety of ways. One way was when the tire manufacturer sold direct to large durance and wholesalers who resold the tires at retail, car dealers and other secondary outlets this accounted for 40% of Goodyears sales.Another 10% of sales were sold to large chains and wholesalers who sold only to secondary outlets and did not sell retail. The rest of Goodyears sal es were from retail outlets which made up 50% of replacement tire sales. Traditional retail outlets for replacement tires consisted of six different channels Garage/service post offers railroad car services, sold both private and brand label tires, sales have been in decline recently due to lower cost higher(prenominal) volume outlets.Small mugwump tire dealers have one or two locations where they sell and install tires while also offering auto services. bid a variety of brands but make the most revenue off of private labels Manufacturer-owned outlets owned and operated by tire manufacturers, offered one brand of tire and performed auto services. Warehouse clubs low price with limited tire brand offering, did not offer auto services just tire installations. Mass merchandisers retail chains which sell tires as well as other auto merchandise. Carried multiple brands and offered auto services.Large tire chains usually had 30 100 outlets within one geographic region, carried m any major brands and private label tires, they were low price high volume outlets. Goodyear did not distribute its tires through all of these retail options. They only distributed their tires through self-employed person dealers, manufacturer owned outlets and directly to government agencies. Their direct competition Michelin sold its tires mainly through large chain dealers and storage warehouse clubs. The small independent dealers accounted for 50% of Goodyear replacement tire sales revenues while manufacturer owned outlets accounted for about 30%.There were 4400 small independent dealers which carried the Goodyear brand, all the same only 2500 of these dealers were considered active by Goodyear which was only about 57%. To be considered active a small dealer must generate consistent levels of sales, harbor major Goodyear retail displays and offer the full line of Goodyear tires. A reason why only 57% of small independent dealers were active is because many of them were suff ering about how Goodyear owned about 1300 manufacturer outlets throughout the country.This gave some of the small independent dealers a disincentive to push Goodyear products. We can say this because the margins that small independent dealers averaged 28% on Goodyear tires, 25% for other major brands and about 20% for private label tires. Another reason why small independent dealers were insatiable was because wholesalers and large chain stores would occasionally acquire Goodyear tires and then advertise Goodyear merchandise even when they did not have any in stock.They would then sell the consumer another(prenominal) tire, this tactic was called the bait and switch and it found Sears on the wrong end of two law suits from Goodyear. Even though the margins for tires for independent dealers were at a more or less reasonable level they derived almost one-half of their revenues from auto services such as oil changes, tire rotations and minor engine work. This was because consumers b uying tires often referred to it as a grudge purchase. The average price of a Goodyear tire in a small independent dealer was about $75 per tire.However, Goodyear and the entire intentness found that its sales were much higher during promotional periods. This led to the over promotion of tires and now has left the consumers expecting some sort of deal when tires are purchased. many of these promotions were often something like buy three tires and the fourth is free. In this case that means that 4 tires were really being sold for about $56 ($225/4 tires) compared to the $75 average. This type of marketing structure led to the expectation by consumers that they should be getting a deal on the tires that they purchase.Another sale tactic which sold tires to the consumers was a manufacturer guarantee, which would often guarantee the life of the tire between 60,000 and 80,000 miles. This made consumers feel as though they were getting a flavour tire at a reasonable price, which in hind sight pushed the independent dealers to sell more of the inexpensive tires that came with the manufacturer guarantees. The Goodyear Aquatred tire was going to be released in 1992, and Goodyear take to know how to price it and which channels to distribute it through.The Aquatred tire was to be positioned at the top of the line broad-line segment. This was because the Aquatred differentiated itself by having the Aquachannel which was a deep grove spile the middle of the tire and channeled the water out from underneath it to avoid hydroplaning. When tested in wet conditions this tire stopped cars going at 55 miles per minute of arc a whole two car lengths shorter than its all season tire competition. Goodyear was claiming that when the Aquatred was 50% worn it was still as effective as a brand new all season tire.The Aquatred tire was to be released with a Goodyear 60,000 mile guarantee. Goodyears suggested retail price of the Aquatred was $89. 95 for a black sidewall and $93. 95 wi th a white sidewall. Analysis Where distribution lays right now for Goodyear, mainly small independent dealers and manufacturer outlets, it would be within their best interests to lower the price of the Aquatred tire. I know that this is a premium tire, but at the current retail prices that Goodyear is suggesting they would be positioning themselves out of their market place.Their pricing of the Aquatred tire is about $35 ($56 compared to $90) higher than a tire with a similar mileage warranty. I would lower the price of the Aquatred to somewhere in the $80 $87 appreciation so when there was a promotion it would reflect $60 $65 range. This would show the consumer that the extra money is for the quality of the tire and for the enhanced safety of the passengers. Another key concept would to under no circumstances sell to wholesalers and large chains, this trend is continuing to eat away at their core channel of distribution (small independent dealers).Another thing I would do is m ake the manufacturer outlets stock only the full lines of Goodyear at their stores when there werent any small independent dealers within the region. Otherwise, I would use the manufacturer outlets to sell more of the Goodyear niche products to try not to directly compete with the nearby small independent dealers. Another way I would try to please Goodyears small independent dealers would be to have the manufacturer outlets retail prices be higher but still competitive with them. I believe that this tactic will raise the amount of active independent dealers for Goodyear up from a humiliated 57%.To help the sales of the independent dealers I would run an advertising campaign that emphasized the safety of the Aquatred in harsh conditions. With the main objective of the ad saying something like isnt your familys enhanced security worth an extra $20? I would also commit more ads to the southern half of the US where there would be no need for all season tires, and more of a market for the Aquatred. I would still advertise in the due north of the country, there is just more value in the south due to the lack of snow. These are my recommendations for Goodyear.

Medision river Essay

Medicine River chronicles the lives of a group of contemporary First Nations people in Western Canada. The fresh is divided into eighteen short chapters. The explanation is recounted by the protagonist, Will, in an amiable, conversational fashion, with frequent flashbacks to earlier portions of his life. In the novel, Medicine River, doubting Thomas King creates a story of a little community to reflect the whole native nation. A simple return of Wills makes the little town seem to be more colourful.Medicine River makes non-native readers think a little longer and harder about the lives of the first people they live among and the places they inhabit. Although Will enters the town as a foreigner, he eventually becomes part of the community. Medicine River shows the history of Canada and teaches readers to learn from the past experience in order to become better people. Will meets Louise who becomes an unfulfilled love fill that very much represents Wills existence, a series of half -fulfilled expectations.That is, he develops an ongoing relationship with Louise and her daughter, South Wing, for whom Will becomes a kind of father-figure. It has been included on the high school reading curriculum in many Canadian jurisdictions. One advisor writes, It is a humorously told homecoming novel that echoes an oral storytelling style, til now at the same time, debunks any kind of stereotypical cultural voice. Although the protagonist is a middle-aged man, the novel is appropriate for young people, simply because of the way it is written, muster in any audience.1The Aesthetic of Talk in Thomas Kings Medicine River By Robinson, Jack Studies in Canadian Literature/Etudes en Litterature Canadienne, 2006 31 (1) 75-94. There Is No Bentham Street in Calgary Panoptic Discourses and Thomas Kings Medicine River By Stratton, Florence Canadian Literature, 2005 Summer 185 11-27. Stay Calm, Be Brave, Wait for the Signs Sign-Offs and Send-Ups in the Fiction of Thomas King By Hirsch , Bud Western American Literature, 2004 Summer 39 (2) 145-75.Steinbecks Influence upon Native American Writers By Hadella, Paul. IN Shillinglaw and Hearle, Beyond Boundaries Rereading John Steinbeck. Tuscaloosa, AL U of Alabama P 2002. pp. 8797 Purana Narratology and Thomas King Rewriting of Colonial history in The Medicine River and Joe the Painter and the Deer Island Massacre By Vahia, Aditi H. Canadian Journal of Native Studies, 2002 22 (1) 65-80. The Art That Will Not Die The Story-Telling of Greg Sarris and Thomas King By Mackie, Mary Margaret Dissertation, U of Oklahoma, 2001.Time Out (Slam)Dunking Photographic Realism in Thomas Kings Medicine River By Christie, Stuart Studies in American Indian Literatures The Journal of the Association for the Study of American Indian Literatures, 1999 Summer 11 (2) 51-65. Beyond the Frame Tom Kings Narratives of Resistment By Peters, Darrell Jesse Studies in American Indian Literatures The Journal of the Association for the Study of Ameri can Indian Literatures, 1999 Summer 11 (2) 66-79. Thomas King A Trickster ameliorate through Humour By Pascual Soler, Nieves.IN Alvarez Maurin, Broncano Rodrigues, Fernandez Rabadan, and Garrigos Gonzalez, Actas III Congreso de la Sociedad Espanola para el Estudio dos Estados Unidos/Spanish Association for American Studies (SAAS) Fin de Siglo Crisis y nuevos principios/hundred Ends, Crises and New Beginnings. Leon, Spain Universidad de Leon 1999. pp. 299305 Status, Mixedbloods, and Community in Thomas Kings Medicine River By Mackie, Mary M. Journal of American Studies of Turkey, 1998 Fall 8 65-71. Coyote agape love Thomas Kings Working for Love By La Bossiere, Camille R. River Review/La Revue Riviere A Multidisciplinary Journal of Arts and Ideas/Revue Multidisciplinaire dArts et dIdees, 1995 1 47-57. Tell Our Own Stories Politics and the Fiction of Thomas King By Walton, Percy World Literature Written in English, 1990 autumn 30 (2) 77-84. Lavalley, Giselle Rene (1996). One Trick y Coyote The fiction of Thomas King (M. A. thesis). Wilfrid Laurier University. Referencesedit Jump up Renate Eigenbrod, Georgina Kakegamic and Josias Fiddler, Aboriginal Literatures in Canada A Teachers resourcefulness Guide, 2003 Jump up Medicine River Review.TV Guide. Retrieved 8 February 2011. External linksedit Medicine River at the Internet Movie Database Spirit Rider at the Internet Movie Database Categories 1989 booksNovels by Thomas KingNative American novelsNovels set in Canada Navigation menu Create accountLog inArticleTalkReadEditView history Search Main knave circumscribe Featured content Current events Random article Donate to Wikipedia Wikimedia Shop Interaction Help About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Contact page Tools Print/export Languages Edit links This page was last modified on 18 July 2013 at 2244

History Of Antimicrobial Agents Health And Social Care Essay

Chemical compounds biosynthetically or synthetically produced which either destroy or habituatefully stamp down the growing or metamorphosis of a assortment of microscopic or submicroscopic signifiers of life. On the footing of their primary activity, they argon more specifically called bactericide, fungicide, antiprotozoal, antiparasitic, or antiviral seasonnts.3.2 History of healthful agentsThe modern while of antimicrobial chemotherapy began in 1929, with Fleming s find of the powerful disinfectant substance, Penicillin and Domagk s find in 1935 of man-made chemicals ( sulfa medicines ) with wide antimicrobic activity. In the wee 1940 s spurred partly by the demand for antibacterial agents in World War II, penicillin was isolated and purified and injected into experimental animate beings, where it was found non scarce to bring more or less infections but besides to possess improbably low toxicity for the animate beings. This fact ushered into being the age of antibiotic c hemotherapy, and an intense hunt for similar antimicrobic agents of low toxicity to animate beings that might turn out utile in the intervention of pathogenic disease. The rapid isolation of Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline shortly followed, and by the 1950 s, these and several other antibiotics were in clinical use ( 13 ) .The lustre of the antimicrobic epoch shortly began to demo grounds of tarnish nevertheless, as first bacteriums, so fungi, and so viruses began to develop resistor to the antimicrobic agents directed against them. Microbial inventiveness and resiliency have neer been more app arent than in their singular ability to develop adversary to chemotherapeutic agents. This is particularly true of bacteriums that have modified their Deoxyribonucleic acid by chromosomal mutant and by geting opposition cistrons via junction, transmutation, and even transduction. There are apparently no boundaries to the capablenesss of some micro-organisms to develop oppos ition. The acquisition of vancomycin opposition in Enterococci by the assembly of multiple unknown cistrons into permutable elements and the presentation of movable fluoroquinolone opposition cistrons in Klebsiella pneumoniae are 2 graphic illustrations of this ( 14,15 ) .Antimicrobial opposition has been fueled by inappropriate practise of antimicrobic agents, particularly those directed against bacteriums. Widespread industrial and agricultural usage of disinfectants has played a function, but the involuntariness of the aesculapian profession to accept steps for the control of indiscriminating prescribing and inappropriate dosing of antibiotics besides need to be addressed. Clinicians have failed to cover with a potentially solvable job, and others are taking up the challenge. The grim spread of antimicrobic opposition is now of concern to bureaus of legion authoritiess and wellness bureaus worldwide, including the World Health Organization, which has attempted to supply ratio nal solutions to the job ( 16 ) .Several writers ( 7,8 ) have report concern about the uninterrupted indiscriminate and inordinate usage of antimicrobic agents that promote the outgrowth of antibiotic-resistant beings. Monitoring of antimicrobic usage and cognition of prescription wonts are some of the schemes recommended to incorporate opposition to disinfectants in hospitalized diligents.3.3 Drug Utilization researchDrug Utilization research was defined by WHO as the selling, distribution, prescription and usage of medicates in a society, with particular accent on the ensuing medical, societal and economic effects . The primary importance of drug use research is to ease rational drug usage in the population. A good cognition about how drugs are visit aids in measuring the contend in drug use and to better prescribing patterns. It besides provides penetration into whether the ordained drug therapy provides value for money. The part of use surveies for rational drug consists of three of import ways.Description of drug usage forms.Provides early signals of irrational drug usage.Helps in follow up of intercessions to better drug usage.The importance of Drug Utilization surveies increases in pharmacoepidemiolgy by bridging more almost with other countries such as public wellness, rational usage of drugs, grounds based drug usage, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoeconomics, eco -pharmacovigilance and pharmacogenetics ( 17 ) .The research in this field analyses the current responsibleness and the developmental tendency in drug use at assorted degrees of the wellness guardianship system, whether field of study, regional, local or institutional. They aid in measuring drug usage at a population degree, harmonizing to age, sex, societal category, morbidity and other factors ( 18 ) .3.4 Prescription and OrderingSurveies of prescription and prescribing are an of import portion of use surveies. On utilizing randomnesss on prescriptions it is possible,To analyze for ms of drug usage among patient classs defined by age, sex or diagnosing.To analyze the relation between confident(p) medical particularity and evident indicant.Identify the unwellnesss most often treated.Identify and analyze prescription determiners, such as the extent to which prescribing has been influenced by peculiar information or advancement runs.Examine specific safety jobs in drug usage in the visible radiation of existent pattern ( 19 ) .3.5 Drug Use IndexsDatas from medical patterns and wellness installations may be used to evaluate specific facets of wellness proviso and drug usage. This information is used to bring forth indexs that provide information on ordering wonts and facets of patient upkeep.These indexs can be used to find where drug usage jobs exist, provide a mechanism for monitoring and supervising and do wellness attention suppliers to follow established wellness attention criterions. Prescription and dispensing informations are utile for finding some o f the quality indexs of drug usage recommended by the WHO. These includeAverage think of drugs per brushPercentage of drugs cocksure by generic abducePercentage of brushs with an antibiotic prescribedPercentage of brushs with an injection prescribedPercentage of drugs prescribed from critical drugs list or formularyAverage drug cost per brushThe indexs of ordering patterns evaluate the public presentation of wellness attention suppliers in assorted dimensions related to allow usage of drugs ( 19 ) .3.5.1. Average figure of drugs per brushPurpose To mensurate the grade of polypharmacy.Prerequisites Combination drugs are counted as a individual drug prescription. Guidelines are needed on how to number certain equivocal prescribing patterns ( e.g. some standardised consecutive therapies ) .Calculation Average, calculated by spliting the replete(p) figure of different drug merchandises prescribed, by the figure of brushs surveyed. It is non relevant whether the patient really recei ved the drugs.3.5.2. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic namePurpose To mensurate the mark to order by generic name.Prerequisites Research workers must be able to detect the existent names used in the prescription instead than but holding entree to the names of the merchandises dispensed, since these may be different a list must be available of specific merchandise names to be counted as generic drugs.Calculation Percentage, calculated by spliting the figure of drugs prescribed by generic name by the correct figure of drugs prescribed, multiplied by 100.3.5.3. Percentage of brushs with an antibiotic prescribedPurpose To mensurate the overall degree of Antibiotic usage.Prerequisites A list must be available of all the drug merchandises which are to be counted as antibiotics.Calculation per centums, calculated by spliting the figure of patient brushs during which an antibiotic was prescribed, by the entire figure of brushs surveyed, multiplied by 100.3.5.4. Percentage of bru shs with an injection prescribedPurpose To mensurate the overall degree of usage of two of import, but normally overused and dearly-won signifiers of drug therapy.Prerequisites A list must be available of all the drug merchandises which are to be counted as antibiotics research workers must be instructed about which immunisations are non to be counted as injections.Calculation Percentages calculated by spliting the figure of patient brushs during which an injection is prescribed, by the entire figure of brushs surveyed, multiplied by 100.3.5.5 Percentage of drugs prescribed from indispensable drugsPurpose To mensurate the grade to which patterns confirm to a national drug policy, as indicated by ordering from the national indispensable drugs list or formulary for the type of installation surveyed.Prerequisites Transcripts of a published national indispensable drugs list or local institutional pharmacopeia to which informations on prescribed drugs can be compared processs are neede d for finding whether or non trade name name merchandises are tantamount to 1s looking in generic signifier on the drug list or formulary.Calculation Percentage, calculated by spliting the figure of merchandises prescribed which are listed on the indispensable drugs list or local pharmacopeia ( or which are tantamount to drugs on the list ) by the entire figure of merchandises prescribed, multiplied by 100 ( 19 ) .3.6 Intensive attention whole ( ICU )Intensive attention unit ( ICU ) is a scene where a big figure of drugs are administered to patients and where the costs of hospitalization and drug intervention are high. The usage of unequal empirical antimicrobic therapy is common in intense attention unit patients and contributes to a figure of hapless results. In such puting choosing appropriate antimicrobic therapy is complicated by many factors, including the big figure of agents available, the front of immune beings and the general desire among practicians to utilize the most focussed therapy available ( 20 ) .The prescribing of antibiotics in the ICU is normally empirical, based on general office of the patients hospitalized at that place. Appropriate antibiotic use in this scene is important non merely in guaranting an optimum result, but in restricting the outgrowth of opposition and containing costs. We propose that research in the ICUs is vitally of import in steering antibiotic prescription patterns and thereby advancing rational antibiotic therapy. There is unsubtle institutional diverseness in the comparative prevalence of prevailing pathogens and their antimicrobic susceptibleness between infirmaries. Among different ICUs of same infirmary besides there is version in prevailing pathogens and their antimicrobic susceptibleness. Therefore, appropriate antibiotic prescription patterns should be formulated based on surveillance surveies and research for single ICUs ( 21 ) .3.7 acquaintance from old surveies3.7.1 In the Medical Intensive attention whole of measurementsIn a drug use survey done in Western Nepal in 2003 by Shankar PR et Al ( Investigation of antimicrobic usage form in the intense intervention unit of a teaching infirmary in western sandwich Nepal ) it was observed that Mean+/-SD drugs per patient was 3.4+/-1.8. About half ( 50.2 % ) of the patients received an antimicrobic 84.6 % of the disinfectants were used without obtaining bacteriologic grounds of infection. The commonest organisms isolated on civilization were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, streptococci pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. A sum of 28.9 % of the disinfectants were prescribed for lower respiratory tract infections on the footing of the putative site of infection 61.9 % of the disinfectants were prescribed by the parenteral path and chiefly the older coevals of disinfectants were used. In 39 of the 149 patients prescribed an antimicrobic, the usage was irrational ( 22 ) .In 2010 Vandana A Bada et Al Studied Prescribin g image of Antimicrobial Agents in Medicine Intensive complaint Unit of a Teaching Hospital in Central India and reported that in the intensive attention unit Cefotaxime was the most normally used AMA by 32 % patients, followed by Metronidazole by 24 % patients and Ampicillin by 17.29 % patients. 77 % patients were given 1- 3 AMAs, 23 % patients were given 4 8 AMAs. Most common indicant for the antimicrobic therapy was infection. Harmonizing to rating usage of antimicrobic therapy was rational in merely 30 % patients. Average figure of drugs per patients were 7.5 drugs ( 23 ) .Lisha Jenny toilet et Al during 2005-2006 studied use of antimicrobic agents in medical intensive attention unit of a third attention infirmary in Bangalore, India and reported that of the 902 patients admitted in the medical ICU during the survey consummation, male to female ratio was 1.9. The involve for age was 49.21A15.84 old ages. Extensive polypharmacy ( 100 % ) was noticed. The mean figure of drug s per patient ( prescription ) was 11.6A2.09.Cephalosporins 505 ( 69.3 % ) and aminoglycosides 263 ( 35 % ) were the normally prescribed antimicrobic drug category. Cefoperazone ( J01DD12 ) 218 ( 30 % ) , amikacin 211 ( 28.9 % ) , metronidazole 208 ( 28.6 % ) were the normally prescribed antimicrobic drug category. A sum of 228 perscriptions ( 31.3 % ) contained two antimicrobic prescription and ( 187 ) 25.7 % contained 3 drugs. Cefoperazone + sulbactam ( J01DD62 ) 224 ( 30.8 % ) was the most common FDC noticed ( 24 ) .A survey done in 1992 by MV Srishyla et Al surveyed the Antimicrobial prescribing form in the in-patient scene of a 800-bedded third infirmary in Bangalore, India showed that 56 % of in-patients were prescribed antimicrobic agents and 44 % of them received a combination of disinfectants. In all, 36 different antimicrobic agents were prescribed. Gentamicin ( 17 % ) , Metronidazole ( 9 % ) and Ciprofloxacin ( 8 % ) were the most normally used agents. Lower respiratory t ract infection was the most common. The type of usage was empirical in 34 % , directed in 27 % and contraceptive in 32 % of the prescriptions. Of the contraceptive prescriptions, 80 % were for surgical prophylaxis and 61 % of these were administered by unwritten path. Besides, the continuance of disposal exceeded 72 hours in 92 % of the patients prescribed disinfectants for surgical prophylaxis ( 25 ) .3.7.2 In the Paediatric Intensive Care UnitsIn 2003, Palikhe N studied the Prescribing form of antibiotics in pediatric infirmary of Kathmandu vale and it was found that the mean figure of drugs per patient was 5.01+/-1.36 and figure of antibiotics per patient was 2.41+/-1.02. More than 98 % of the patients were exposed to, at least, two drugs. Among 121 patients clinically diagnosed with infective diseases and treated with antibiotics, specimens were taken for civilization in merely 24 instances i.e. ( 19.8 % ) to place infective beings. Merely 13 specimens showed positive civilizati on consequences. Infants less than 1 year received antibiotics more often than 1-5 and 5-12 old ages ( 40, 31 and 29 % , P & lt 0.001, P=0.000 ) . Seventy-five per centum of the entire antibiotics were administered parenterally. Cephalosporin was the top most often prescribed antibiotic group followed by penicillin group. Significant difference was found between age group of patient and disease encountered ( chi2 = 42.95, P=0.000 ) ( 26 ) .Shankar P R et Al studied the prescribing forms among pediatric inmates in a teaching infirmary in western Nepal during 2003-2004 and observed that 356 patients were admitted during the survey period, of which 228 were male. The average continuance of hospitalization was quartet yearss. The average figure of drugs prescribed per admittance was 4.5. 789 drugs ( 48.9 per centum ) were prescribed by the parenteral path. Antibiotics were prescribed in 249 admittances ( 69.9 per centum ) . Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter s pecies were the common beings isolated, and were resistant in some instances to the commonly-used antibiotics. The mean ( +/- criterion divergence ) cost of drugs per admittance was 5.4 ( +/-1.6 ) US dollars ( 27 ) .In the twelvemonth 2004 Ansam Sawalha et Al studied the Pattern of parenteral Antimicrobial Prescription among paediatric Patients in Al-Watani Governmental Hospital in Palestine and found that three hundred and 40 pediatric patients were admitted to Al-Watani authorities infirmary during the survey period. Gastroenteritis was the most common cause of hospitalization, while upper respiratory piece of land infection ( URTI ) was the most common cause of parenteral antimicrobic agent disposal. cardinal hundred and 10s ( 61.8 % ) patients received parenteral antimicrobic agents while 16 ( 4.7 % ) received both parenteral and unwritten antimicrobic agents. Single antimicrobic agent was prescribed for ( 50.6 % ) patients. Cefuroxime was the chief individual antimicrobic agen t used it was administered to 70/226 ( 31 % ) patients ( 28 ) .Aparna Williams et Al ( Antibiotic prescription forms at admittance into a third degree intensive attention unit in Northern India ) analysed Antibiotic prescription forms at admittance into a third degree intensive attention unit in Northern India and found that a sum of 1246 drugs and 418 antibiotics were prescribed in the 200 patients studied, that is, an norm of 6.23 ( A SD 2.73 ) drugs/prescription and 2.09 ( A SD 1.27 ) antibiotics/prescription. Antibiotics were prescribed on 190 patients ( 95 % ) at admittance. There was a important correlativity between the figure of patients prescribed three or more antibiotics and mortality rate rates 53 % nonsurvivors vs. 33.5 % subsisters ( P = 0.015 ) . The mean cost of the antibiotics was Rupees 1995.08 ( A SD 2099.99 ) per patient and antibiotics outgo accounted for 73.2 % of the entire drug costs ( 29 ) .3.7.3In the Neonatal Intensive Care UnitsWarrier cubic decimeter e t Al studied the Pattern of drug use in a neonatal intensive attention unit in Children s Hospital of Michigan during 1997 to 2004 and reported that average drug usage was 3.6/infant, with the highest usage in the 24- to 27-week gestational age group ( 11.7/infant ) . Ampicillin and Claforan had the highest characterization rates. Premature babies had high usage of wetting agent, vasoconstrictor agents, and water pills. Caucasians, males, gestational age & lt 28 hebdomads, and birthweight & lt 1000 g were the hazard factors for higher drug picture show ( 30 ) .T. B. Yves Liem et al did a survey during 2005 by roll uping informations from all third attention NICUs in the Netherlands on clinical and demographic features and the type and measure of systemic antibiotic usage were analysed. It was found that Antibiotic ingestion ranged from 130 to 360 DDD/100 admittances. In entire, 9-24 different antibiotics were used, of which 3-10 were in the Drug Utilization 90 % section. In the bulk of the NICUs ( 6 out of 10 ) , extended-spectrum penicillins ( Amoxil and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid ) , ?-lactamase resistant and sensitive penicillins ( flucloxacillin and penicillin G, severally ) , aminoglycosides ( Garamycin and amikacin ) , Cephalosporins ( first and 3rd coevals ) and glycopeptides ( Vancocin and teicoplanin ) were used ( 31 ) .Another survey done by Fanos V et Al found that penicillins, Mefoxins, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, monobactams and carbapenems are the categories of disinfectants often used in NICU. Chloromycetin, cotrimoxazole, macrolides, clindamycin, rifampicin and Flagyl are seldom used ( 32 ) .In 2007 Natalie Schellack et Al analysed antibiotic prescribing forms in a neonatal intensive attention unit of the Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital in Ga-Rankuwa and reported that Of the 100 patients followed, 95 were prescribed endovenous antibiotics. All prescribed antibiotics for 77 patients are listed in the antibiotic policy. Nineteen diff erent antibiotics were prescribed, and 11 of the 19 prescribed antibiotics appear in the antibiotic policy. Most patients received more than two antibiotics during their stay, as the mean figure of antibiotics used per patient during the survey period was 3.4. The mean continuance of usage for all antibiotics, except cefepime and Rocephin, was for longer than seven yearss. Although antibiotics were used harmonizing to the ward protocol in the bulk of patients, divergences from the protocol were associated with patients clinical spatial relation and/or consequences from blood civilizations ( 33 ) .There are no sufficient informations available about the use form of antimicrobic agents in the Intensive attention Units of third attention infirmaries of South India, particularly Tamilnadu. Current ordering form of Antimicrobial Drugs in a geographical country is needed to analyze the reason in use and to do necessary alterations in the use form if needed. It entrust besides assist to explicate antibiotic policy for the establishment which will assist in the bar of farther outgrowth of antibiotic opposition. So this survey is done to analyze the current use form of Antimicrobial agents in the Intensive Care Units NICU ( Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ) , PICU ( Paediatric Intensive Care Unit ) and MICU ( Medical Intensive Care Unit ) of Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puduche

Expenditures and Revenues Matrix and Summary Essay

Budgets are signifi put forwardt in the compute formulation process. Budgeting as a tool is the make-up of public policy (Smith & Lynch, 2004). Budgets cost at all levels of regimen, topical anaesthetic, submit, and federal. When describing revenue sources in public budgeting, it is important to describe the source of revenue, the source of the funding, importance of informed monetary decisions, financial analysis tools used, and organizational financial analysis alternatives (University of Phoenix, 2012).What is a Budget?A budget is a plan of allocation of resources to accomplish and organizations objectives and goals for a specific amount of time (Ganapati, n.d.). The budget gives a detailed analysis of how an organization will spend and receive money in a fiscal period.Why is a Budget compulsory?Accountability and prioritization are two reasons for a budget learnment. Accountability refers to the taxation of the public, which means that the government cannot tax more than required for government purposes (Ganapati, n.d.). Prioritization refers to allocating funds and resources to areas that require priority over anformer(a) area (Ganapati, n.d.).Public BudgetsThere are different budget cycles at the local, state, and federal levels however, the major components of any budget, regardless of government level are revenues and expenditures.RevenuesRevenues are funds raised through various entities. Revenue estimation is very important in local and state government, particularly in the planning and analysis phase because elected leaders must balance their budgets (Smith & Lynch, 2004, p. 47).Federal Government RevenuesGranted, the federal government collects the most amount of tax, state and local governments have more options on taxing. For example, the federal government taxes individual and corporate taxes, manufacturing taxes, social security tax (Federal Insurance Contributions Act, FICA), estate or inheritance tax, and borrowings such as treasur y bonds.State Government RevenuesState government besides receives money through tax revenues as well as other entities. State governments receive money through intergovernmental transfers, individual and corporate taxes, sales taxes, fuel taxes, estate and inheritance taxes, special taxes on items such as alcoholic drink and tobacco, lottery, state bonds, and licenses. Examples of states receiving taxes on licensing include motor vehicles, hunting and fishing, firearms, motor vehicle operators, public utilities.Local Government RevenuesLike the federal and state governments, local governments of cities and counties also receive revenues through intergovernmental transfers, local taxes of property and sales tax, local bonds, school districts, businesses, and water management.Local governments differ in review and deciding of budgets. Many local budgets use line item for expenditures and revenues.ExpendituresExpenditures are funds for spending on specific programs or capital projec ts. Expenditures include public programs, capital projects, debt servicing, and administration. Public programs can be education programs, welfare programs, medical programs, environmental programs, and housing programs. Capital projects include construction and reconstruction of highways, sewage, water, utilities, and building costs. Administration includes city and county employees.Decision-MakingManagers and administrators today must prepare to make difficult financial decisions. Analytical tools and processes are important in decision-making, planning, control, and analysis of financial budgets. Managers must identify potential financial problems and counterfeit alternatives (American Management Association, n.d.).Financial DecisionsFinancial decisions vary depending on size of the organization, needs of the organization, location of the organization, financing options available to the firm (American Management Association, n.d.).Analysis ToolsTechniques in financial analysis a re significant in the financing and budgeting of an organization include long-term and short-term planning, security of costs and benefits, investment decisions, financing decisions, and dividend policies (American Management Association, n.d.). inferenceMost budget approaches involve time, planning, decision-making, analysis, accountability, and prioritization at the local, state, and federal levels of government. Two major components at each level are revenues and expenditures, which is how each level of government earns and spends money.ReferencesAmerican Management Association. (n.d.). Financial decision-making. Retrieved from http//www.flexstudy.com/catalog/schpdf.cfm?coursenum=96088 City of Milwaukee. (2012). Retrieved from http//city.milwaukee.gov/ImageLibrary/User/crystali/2012budget/2012proposedbook.pdf U.S. Department of Justice. (2012). Federal Bureau of Investigation financial report fiscal year 2011. Retrieved from http//www.justice.gov/oig/reports/2012/a1216.pdf Ganapa ti, N. (n.d.). Budgeting. Retrieved from http//www2.fiu.edu/ganapati/3003/budget.html Smith, R. W. and Lynch, T.D. (2004). Public budgeting in America, (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ. Pearson/Prentice Hall. University of Phoenix. (2012). Course design guide. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, AJS522 Finance and Budgeting in Justice and Security Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction. (2010). Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction. Retrieved from http//dpi.state.wi.us/pb/pdf/combinedfair.pdf

Mean People vs Nice People

Running head MEAN throng VS NICE PEOPLE MEAN PEOPLE VS NICE PEOPLE2 In life there are many emotions that one can value of many battalion often think of the happier emotions before thinking about the darker side of the emotion wheel. Has one ever wanted to run away from a situation not because of their surroundings exclusively possibly because of the believe people standing in front of them? One way to get away from this situation is to nicely thank them and leave or never show up in the first place to the situation as the people may already apprehension that the mean people are like that and do not want to put themselves in that surrounding or situation.The situation is clear that in this world there is nice people and mean people and that people may or may not be wired this way and throughout this, we will discover the true understanding of mean people and of nice people and how to better understand people from these points of view. Can you even imagine that you were only jud ged by nice or mean and nothing else mattered? Not your personality, not who you were, not all you did for the world or your friends, just if you were nice or mean.Some people find it really hard to be nice or to even play nice, they would rather be themselves and be there mean selves then to even crack a smile or show any sort of friendly nature, they just struggle with it. It is like they were born with DNA that have been given mean genes and not friendly or nice genes and want not askmen. com. There has been a new study about mean people and DNA and how it affect people, but it would not be a fair study without all the nice people in the world, the study with over 348 people.This study made a vivid view of what the researchers were perusing and if DNA was a bad component and if it really made a true difference in this study and if DNA was at fault and if it was to blessed or if there was other possiblities in life to blame. MEAN PEOPLE VS NICE PEOPLE 3 Can mean people fit in an y lifestyle, from working professional, to a college professional, to a college student? Many mean people do not even realize they are mean or just brush it off there shoulders and do not onsider themselves mean but others however consider themselves not nice and consider them mean and sometimes cruel. When this survey came along the people who were asked about being mean had realized not only they were mean but were willing to share there experiences with this ware to maybe help others. References askmen. com. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//www. askmen. com/sports/news/mean-people. html (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//fox6now. com/2012/04/18/new-study-indicates-mean-people-are-born-that-way/

Poetic Language Essay

There is no denying that when an author writes a textual matter thither is more meaning in it than just the obvious plot, authors constantly litter their texts with themes, double entendre, metaphor etc. all of which can be easily missed by the referee. If integrity reader was to miss more of these techniques hardly an new(prenominal) was to pickup on most, accordingly(prenominal) surely the latter would hold understood the lead conk protrude, and in the counseling it was intend, and therefore their translation is the more effectual of the devil.However we could argue that the text was scripted badly, because certain readers cannot understand it in the way it was intended. All this is just a small part of 1 of the biggest debates in modern literature and criticism, and that is whether or not it is necessary to know the history and context butt joint a give to fully understand it. It apply to be that a critic would formulate that the outflank way to understand a function is to understand each(prenominal) individual author, and the circumstances behind their text, nowadays however the general feeling is that it is best not to cloud the readers judgement with all the situations behind a text. Critics would today say that the best way to read a text is to ignore e trulything that goes with it and just slim d have got on what you, the reader, picks up from it.The reason this debate is so important in relation to this essay is that the tot of information the reader is presumptuousness about a text will alship canal affect, not still their understanding of it, but similarly the way in which they understand it. That is to say that if a reader is granted a lot of information about a text then it is bound to come across them however the book in the way it was intended. If they had not been given that information then it is very likely that they would carry interpreted it in a way that was closer and more personal to them ( adaptation i s a parting of identityall of us as we read, use literary work to symbolise and finally to reduplicate ourselves Norman Holland, origination to Literature 13).In this example which of the two interpretations is more creditable, should the perfect text be written in such a way as to eliminate any interpretations other than what was intended by the author or should it be written in a way that leaves the meaning surface to debate and therefore have an infinite number of interpretations? Either way once a text has been giftn to the public then the author has no control of what the reader will make of it, or how it is interpreted, and so it is left to the reader to make their own judgements and except it in the way that they want to. So is their interpretation incorrect? Obviously there is no way to prove the termination to this question but in this essay I intend to discuss both sides to the bloodline and draw up a closing curtain as to what I think the answer is.The most obvi ous place to start would be by looking at other hatfuls interpretations of texts, and some of those interpretations are in films. I construe that film is never the best example to use when discussing literature because the plot and script are very rarely the equivalent as the airplane pilot. However, in the case of Shakespeare, this is not always true because the text is so well written and so powerful that it would be wrong and completely missing the point of make the film if you were to turn it.Also the interpretations in films are usually much more diverse and revision which makes it a good example to look at because if you can find an interpretation which has been recommended to students as dyadless not to use, as valid (most candidates appeared to know Macbeth well. Some, however, were handicapped by having infern a film displacementcandidates should remember that it is Shakespeares text which is universe examined. Holderness, training Shakespeare 113) then that goes a long way to show that any interpretation is indeed a valid virtuoso. In the conclusion of a book called Interpreting Shakespeare on Screen the author sums up how Shakespeare is generally interpreted by the directorsI have considered the ways in which films of Shakespeares plays, like literarycriticism, produce different views on issues such as furiousness (by, to a greaterextent, pretending it is absent from Shakespeares plays) gender (film changesgender roles, producing different Ophilias and Gertrudes) sexuality hasten and finally, nationalism (Cartmell, Interpreting Shakespeare 109)Cartmell shows us here how every different director has interpreted parts of the said(prenominal) play differently. She makes it clear that she does not agree with everything they have done, however she does recognise them as valid interpretations and has given a lot of time and effort to studying these films and producing a book which shows us the different interpretations and techniques use d in filming Shakespeares plays. I have to agree with Cartmell on the point that to try and say that there is no violence in Shakespeare is ridiculous, all you have to do is look at Macbeth or Hamlet to see that that is wrong. These directors who have chosen to ignore this violence must have interpreted it in a different way, perhaps they saw the violence as justified and so chose to ignore it for that reason. whatsoever the reason, is this interpretation as valid as Cartmells and mine? I would like to say that it is not but I cannot rule it out without having the other side of the note put to me, and once an argument has been put forward surely that gives their view some sort of validity. If you have two people who have interpreted a section of prose differently and they can both argue their theory well then who is to say that they are not both valid.On the other hand if you again have two people with different views about a books meaning but this time one of them manages to hold the other that they are wrong and so changes his mind, then would this not mean that the person with the offend and stronger argument is the only one with the valid interpretation? After all the dictionary definition of valid is soundly reasoned or having legal force and so if mortal has an opinion about a text and stands by it but cannot argue the point surely this makes their opinion an invalid one.In An Introduction to Literature, Criticism and Theory reader-response criticism is summed up in three different ways. Firstly it is said that each individual, when reading, will always respond in a personal way. They will take a crap what is written and match it to the situation they are in or have been in, and so can relate to the text better by doing this. This theory would explain why different people come up with different interpretations, it also suggests that each of those interpretations are valid because if you are relating a text to your personal experiences then it has to be a genuine response.Like every theory though there is always another side to the argument and this is where Stanley Fishs inclination that each reader belongs to a community of readers comes in. There is still the estimation that the reader relates to the text with their personal experience, and I do not think that many people would contest that idea, but what Fish says is that the personal side to it is much more generalised. It is more to do with your background and your education, someone from England would interpret a book differently than someone from Africa because their backgrounds are completely different.The third explanation that is given is Wolfgang Isers view, which is the one I relate to the most. His theory is that the readers imagination is what produces the interpretation. If there is a point in the text which is not fully explained then we, the reader, are left to work it out for ourselves, for example in King Lear when Cordillia tells her father that she lov es him according to her bond, the reader is left wondering why she did that and not just make something up to rival her sisters answers was it because she is stubborn or perhaps for moral reasons? The answer that the reader comes up with is their imagination filling in the gap. As Iser said the reader is drawn into the events and do to supply what is meant from what is not said (Iser 1995, 24). This is particularly relevant when it comes to explaining interpretation because it is what is not said in a text that gets the reader thinking, if a detail is mentioned but not explained then it is left to the reader to make up their own conclusions.Northrop Frye shares the analogous opinion as Iser, he wrote that reading is like a childs play to which the author brings the words and the reader the meaning (Frye, http//www.clas.ufi.edu). Interpretation is a huge part of literature, it is involved in any type of reading that we do and it is completely up to the reader to how that literatur e is receive.The author, or his gossip anyway, dies as soon as they let the public see their text which leaves the reader on their own to read between the lines and come up with whatever they like. Having said this it leaves us thinking that if the author leaves the interpretation up to the reader then how can that interpretation be wrong, every author excepts the fact that their book will be taken in a way that wasnt intended and they will not try to change that because it is all part of literary criticism. An author wouldnt ever say that someones opinion was invalid because valid does not mean it is what was intended it only means that it is justified. wiz of Isers main points whenever he is talking of interpretation is that Every interpretation transposes something into a different annals that is not part of the subject matter to be interpreted. Therefore each interpretation is an act of translation, in the course of which something is shifted into what it is not. (Iser, http// sun3.lib.uci.edu). What he means is that interpretation might as well mean the same as translation when talking about literature because the author is not sitting next to the reader and explaining what was in truth meant the reader has to do the working out for themselves, which means that they may translate what is written in face of them into what it is not. The reader is reading things in the text which were not put there deliberately, they are reading not what is said but what has not been said so a large group of people who all read the same text have no chance of all reading the same thing because everybody will have filled in the gaps slightly differently.If the poem has a voice, it is articulated before, and one rearticulates it, reads it with ones own voice, one has a reading which cannot properly be univocal. (John Lye, http//www.brocku.ca/english). This is much the same point as Frye was making with his example of a picnic the author only produces the words and then it i s the readers job to find meaning to these words. That almost makes it sound as if the reader has the greater task out of the two and it maybe that they do if once they have read a work and come up with their interpretation (or translation) they are then told that it is not a valid reading of that text.I have said that this root word of interpretation is one of the largest in modern literature and it is very near linked with an equally large topic, deconstruction. The obvious source to turn to on this is The Critic as Host. In Lyes commentary of this essay he makes a very good summary of what Miller had writtenDeconstruction, Miller seems to be concluding, opens us to the powerand the complexities of language, thought, tradition, influence, meaning,to the ambiguities and paradoxes which really constitute what weonce mistook for a unified depicted object theory of human knowledge, by providinga form, a way of proceeding, which acknowledges the deep mysteriesof meaning and which al lows us to supererogatory ourselves from the tyranniesof univocal reading. (Lye, http//www.brocku.ca/english).There are two parts to this quote that I want to briefly discuss. Firstly, the fact that deconstruction opens us to the power of language, thought and meaning. This cannot be said better in any other way, this is exactly what deconstruction does and it is this that leads the readers on to making their own interpretations of a text. Deconstruction makes us, the reader, think and analyse what has been written and from that draw up our conclusion of what was actually meant. The second part I wanted to look at is the fact that deconstruction allows us to unornamented ourselves from the tyrannies of univocal reading. Is univocal reading actually a monocracy?Miller and Lye obviously think so, and I would agree, if literature was as straight cut as being able to read a book and draw up exactly the same interpretation substructure everyone else there would be no need or point to study it. So how does deconstruction free us from this tyranny? The answer is because it forces the reader to think for themselves, to interpret a text in the way they want it interpreted instead of how the author, or even a teacher tells them to interpret it. Deconstruction forces the reader to be open minded about a text to try and read something almost original into it. Again this all leads to a different interpretation to what others have read. However, the question of whether thinking for oneself, and the new ideas and interpretations that brings is valid or not is still present.When I picked this question I always thought that the only doable answer was that every interpretation is a valid one, that is the opinion that most people hold. However, after exploring the topic I have found a few doubts. Although they come to expect it, is it really fair to take an authors text that they have probably been working on for a matter of years and completely change the meaning of it? Su rely what they write is personal to them, not necessarily as an experience they have had but more that they have devoted so much time to their work to a standard that they see as perfection. They then introduce it to the public and a critic misinterprets it and gives it a bad review because they did not like their own translation of what was written.These doubts I have are not strong enough to change my mind, but they are there and should not be ignored. In closing I do conceptualise that everybody is entitled to their own opinion, and literary criticism is exactly that, opinions. There is no way to write a text and ensure that every reader interprets it in the way it was intended. Authors are very interested to encounter about different interpretations of their works and I think that it is this acceptance and acknowledgement from them that not proves but should persuade people that any interpretation of any work is a valid one. I will cease with a quote from an interpretation of Millers The Critic as Host that sums up what I believe to be the answer to whether all interpretations are valid or not The root of idea is the word for image. To imagine is to image. All figures are not what they figure. Univocality is impossible. Everything always means something else.(Lye,http//www.brocku.ca/english).

Critical analysis of Historical Websites Essay

There be m all an(prenominal) diachronic databases provided by Universities today. So some(prenominal) so, it is often more same(p)ly to experience the exact replica of a particular historic document on the web than to physic altogethery go to a library expecting to find a book pertaining the same topic. In fact, it has become common practice for worldly concerny Library officials to yet direct assimilators doing re calculate directly to their web points. Historical web billets today provide cultivation in almost either form from scholarly abstracts, to old newspaper articles, to actual audio bites of interviews with historical figures.We obviously live in a more advanced era but just like there were disadvantages in the ultimo deemed ordinary by our ancestors, our children will most likely view the way we operate today as passe. This poses the question, what are our faults? What are the weakness, in the most popular re anticipate databases today, that could improved on? How accredited are these sites, should they be, and what yield do they hold? For the purpose of attempting to thoroughly answer these questions, I will analyze intravenous feeding popular, and accredited, historical websites. The historical databases I will be examining are as follows ProQuest, tale Center mental imagery Group U.S. A. , History Cooperative, and ABC Clio Historical Abstracts and America History & Life. All of these sites have been approved by Florida State University for substantial sources for historical reference, as well as former(a) University Libraries. For the purpose of testing the websites historical value, I came up with three make out search terms I would use to judge all four of the websites. These terms are Aristotle, American Revolution and Al Quada. I chose these terms because I matt-up they best exemplified a time before the father companies of these sites existed, or they measure the quality of current correct efficiency.ProQuest Company is stat ioned in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The lodges main focus is in microfilm and electronic publishing. The company was initially founded by Eugene Power under the title of University Microfilms in 1938. The company preserved precious British Museum articles on microfilm, as well as published dissertations. In continuous production of publications since 1938, with so many dissertations, ProQuest has been officially declared as the U. S. off-site repository of the Library of Congress. During World War II, University Microfilm aided the Office of Strategic Service by filming maps and European newspapers.In 1980, the company made the passage from microfilm to storing databases on CD-ROMs. It then went through a nuance of owners and key outs until finally changing its name to ProQuest Information and Learning in 2001. Upon first viewing the ProQuest database online, I was forced to jazz the simplicity of the page. The search bars were easy to use, providing the option of searching through d ifferent databases with categories of everything from dissertations, news papers and patronage articles to interdisciplinary and criminal justice periodicals.They alike had database searches provided solely to do research on gender issues, race dealings and global news. Im certain all of these databases provide information on a considerable range of subjects dating as far back as 1938, when the company first originated. When I punched in the key word Aristotle, my search found 4451 sources, most of which were news paper articles dated in the indicate new year. The American Revolution found me 3724 references all ranging from newspapers to dissertations. Finally, Al-Qaeda found me 21543 results.The patterns of these numbers showed me that ProQuest was more bias towards politics and current event in America, even though its categorized as a historical database. Also, as I would later find out its results were monumental and almost never outcome compared to the results of the oth er sites. The large majority of ProQuests material comes from news paper articles, which gives it a disadvantage when its compared to other site producing scholarly es interprets. The fact remains ProQuest has a seemingly endless quantity of reputable sources.ProQuest represents big business in scholarly society, and in that way it drastically contrasts sites like History Cooperative. History Cooperative is a nonprofit humanities resource that provided scholarly historical journals for the purpose of study. This site was established by the feature efforts of The University of Illinois Press, the American Historical Association, the Organization of American Historians and the National Academies Press. At first glance, I have to say that History Cooperative is the simplest and most vast database Ive ever seen, second only to Wikipedia, which lacks scholarly accreditation.It appears that History Cooperative provides more access the largest variety of respected American Journals than a ny of the other sites. I light my analysis by searching the first key term, Aristotle. Many scholarly essays pertaining to Aristotles theories come up. I click on the first link titled Hairy Women and Naked Truths Gender and the Politics of experience in Aristotles Masterpiece, by Mary E. Fissell, to see how relative the article is to my search. I look at the article and find it is more an educated response to one of Aristotles literary works than any concrete historical information about the man himself.In light of this, I must acknowledge the source still holds some historical relevance and could be used for more in-depth analysis of the man in a research paper. When I look up American Revolution, I get Wheat, War, and the American Economy during the Age of Revolution, by Brooke Hunter. Again, this is another article that takes a specific part of history and goes in-depth with the topic. Finally, I search for Al-Qaeda searching for it four different ways and only finding results when I cause it in as shown.Even then only one article pops up, titled Chaos on the Earth Subjective Truths versus Communal Unity in Islamic Law and the Rise of Militant Islam, Indira Falk Gesink. The website general still proves to be historically relevant, just not up on current events. The site also appears bias in the sense that most of its information comes from authors publishing in journals to display their literary prowess, or attain scholarly recognition. The site didnt appear to have factually informative information with the student in mind, but more like scholarly interpretations written for the purpose of cosmos viewed by others with PHDs.This site is not for someone attempting to find basic information. It has articles that carryout close and critical responses assuming that much is already known about the topic. On these grounds, I do get a very detached minded nature from the site in the sense that it promotes free thought. Though this leaves room for bias pert aining a particular topic of search, in most cases, except for the Al Qada search, there is a vast enumerate of sources to counter a bias view. This leaves the researcher free to interpret their own understand from a much more educated and open view of the topic.The History Resource Center U. S. is a database formed by the Gale Group. Now known as Thomas Gale, the company is run by Gordan T. Macomber and specializes in research and educational publishing for public and academic libraries, schools and businesses. Its full text magazine and newspaper database, Info Trac is the same search tool that powers The History Resource Center U. S. The site is considered by many respected scholastics to be a reputable source for references on religion, history and social science. The site is also most notably recommended by History Channel. com.When I first search for Aristotle, a long list of about twenty 2 sources come up the first one being, Aristotle Versus Plato in Ancient Greece. Histor y in Dispute, by Mathew E. Kenney. The American Revolution search pay backd two-hundred results the first of which was The Impact of the American Revolution on Britain. History in Dispute, by Keith Krawczynski. Finally my search for Al-Qaeda produced ten results, the first of which was Suspected Terrorist Mounir el-Motassadeq Convicted in Germany, February 19, 2003. This was located in a journal titled Historic World events.This greatly impressed me about the website. On top of this, I received no sense of bias while reviewing this web page. All of the articles were heavily referenced, and many had the belief of being analytical while at the same time very informative with the facts. The final site I viewed diverged from the pack completely in its ability to inform. ABC-CLIO was founded in 1953 by Eric Boehm. Its first publication was produced in 1955 the company is mostly known for its main database America History and Life and their Historical Abstracts database.The company does not a have a long known history pertaining to America, but most of its historical information is American History based. Despite these credentials, Florida State and many other Universities approve of this website as one of their key source of reputable information. The truth is, there was no in-depth analysis done for this page, because it was more of a sell site than an a location for study. When I entered the key terms into the search bars, publications and dissertations were not viewable without buy the entire article.This contrast between the other web pages make one wonder if this is a home of the past or the future. It also makes me appreciate site like ProQuest and the History Resource Center, for being so efficient, for free. In sum, after comparing these sites, I cant help but think that ABC-CLIO require to be put out of business and ProQuest might be leaving the competition behind. The sites that do produce works, are all admirable and respectable in their nature to produce as many lettered sources as possible, even if the views are contrasting.The advancement of ideals like this is the way of the future. It can always be argued that corporations like History Cooperative are valuable because they perform a humanitarian service by being non-profit. It can even be argued that the History Resources Center U. S. outmatches ProQuest in quality. But, it cant be denied that ProQuest unfairly out does all of the competition based on the number of sources it produces. This idea of quality verses quantity is a classic debate. But, in the case of ProQuest, it must acknowledged that Quality has a quantity all of its own. head for the hills Cited ABC-CLIO http//serials. abc-clio. com. proxy. lib. fsu. edu/active/go/ABC-Clio-Serials_v4. 2. Accessed Jan 6. 2007 History Cooperative http//www. historycooperative. org. proxy. lib. fsu. edu/ Accessed Jan. 6 2007. History Resource Center U. S. http//galenet. galegroup. com. proxy. lib. fsu. edu/servlet/HistRC/for m? origSearch= straight&n=10&l=1&items=0&locID=tall85761. Accessed Jan. 7, 2007 ProQuest. http//proquest. umi. com. proxy. lib. fsu. edu/login. Accessed Jan 7 2007.

Macario’s Noche Buena

nix knew anything about Macarios early life plainly eveningrybody knew that he was a pirate, the chief of a gang which apply to haunt the country about the shores of Laguna De Bay and rob merchants coming from Manila. It was in the days when no railroad line existed in the Philippines, when all trips by water had to be do by bancas, cascos, and picayune, inert steamboats, and all overland journeys had to be made in carromatas, carts, or on horse sticker. Macario was known to be the fiercest among the high counselingmen. He had foiled all attempts of the guardias civils to capture him. A price was set on his head.It was nine oclock on a Christmas eve. The knightly week macario and his gang had had plenty to do, for it was the week when objet darty merchants went to manila and brook to their towns. Macario was alone. He stationed himself in a grove of bamboo trees a minor distance from the solitary road whatsoever miles from the town of Calamba. The darkness was dark and a cool wind was blowing across the lonely palm, making the bamboo tops bend and wave. What was there strange NT the sound of the wind as it sighed among the bamboo leaves? nonhing Only that it had a remorseful sound, as of an check conscience daring to assert itself.That sound was near disquieting to the nerves it made Macario restless. He wished soulfulness would come up the road, somebody that would make him turn that restless into action. He even wished that some guardias civils would come, he wished to drown the voice of that wind in the excitement of a fight. While he was walking back and forth among the bamboo trees, he heard the sound of hoof beats in the distance. Ah said he, I shall founder my wish at last. He went ne arer the road and stood beside a tree. When the hoof beats sounded nearer, he discerned a dark object, hardly perceptible in the obscurity around.Halt cried Macario as he step on it toward that moving figure. Halt or you are dead man the hoof beats c eased simultaneously with his shout Macario found himself face to face with a man riding on a horse. The man was alone. in that location was nothing martial about him, he was a merchant and he had two baskets on severally side of his horse. The bandit took the horse by the bridle without a word and led it across the fields to the door of a nipa shack. I want money, Macario said as soon as they were inside the shack and he had brought in the baskets.The man gave him five pesos saying that he had no to a greater extent. The robber hence proceeded to open the baskets and examine their contents, which were mostly groceries. The merchant had gone to Manila expressily to buy these, not for sale, because he dealt but in c stoolh, but to regale his friends, his many nephews, nieces, cousins and his own children the next day, Christmas. The robber felt to the very click of a basket and drew out a large box. He opened it. It contained toys of all sorts-two or three dolls of different si zes, small green carriages drawn by red horses and a gnomish barrel.He took the debone and seemed to for watch everything else as he held it. He regarded it with wistfulness, turned it round and round, tried beating it it absorbed his hale interest. What was there peculiar about a drum or about THE DRUM MACARIO WAS HOLDING? Ah in that respect are strong associations that can be awakened by small objects. The memory of our meeting with helpless friend may be brought home to us by the sight of a simple top an alphabet book may recall to mind the long, tedious hours with a cruel school master,and the past may be revived by a trifling toy.Macario precept in the drum not a toy but an object associated with his early life. His mind traveled back, back to a small barrio in a distant province, to a particular time, to a certain Christmas day. He motto a infinitesimal boy going to his godfathers. He was wearing chinelas for the first time they were red chinelas. He had a jusi shirt on, and a small buri hat. The little boy kissed his godfathers hand. The godfather took a little drum from a incase and gave it to the boy, together with a half-peso piece. The little boy was himself.He was hum playing boy, together with little boys dressed in the same way he heard him beating his drum and telling his playmates about the big thaumaturge which he had seen in church that morning, the star which started from the choir and moved up to the altar and of the little despoil lying down on some grass, and of the little sheep and goats there yes, as the altar he precept little goats. Other Christmas pictures came up before his mind in quick succession-picture in which he saw himself, each time older and grown larger. Then came one stroke, the scene he had always dreaded, the scene which he would not haveRecalled for all the treasures he had stolen during his robber life and for what he might yet steal. It was Christmas eve again. He was now a tall young man. He was lurki ng among some trees near a pathway in a country district. He was mad, his neckcloth was boiling his long sharp bolo was thirsting for blood as his heart thirsted for vengeance. The wind was blowing among the leaves of the trees it incited him to more furious thoughts. Then his strained ears heard a sound, a snatch from an old country song. Ah It was his enemy, singing he who made this Christmas eve miserable for him.Macario asked nothing, explained nothing, he patently dashed forward to his enemy and made the long bolo work out his revenge. He saw his enemy fall, saw the body steeped in its own blood. He ran, ran. The dreaded tulisan, stopping with his head in his hands, stood up and ran, ran out of the shack into the fields, into the road, into the arms of two guardias civiles In the same town some little children were unhappy although they received a peso from their father. The little boy did wish so a great deal to get a drum and the little girls wanted dolls very badly.First of all, a short floor usually but has one main vulcanized fiber. There may be more than one character in the story, but there is all one central person who undergoes a change or realization by the end of the story. In the story Macarios Noche-Buena, there are a couple of characters, comprised by the robber Macario, the rider on horseback whom Macario robbed, and two guardia civilles who appeared at the end of the story. We can say that Macario was main character because the whole story revolved around him and his past experiences.He to a fault experienced a change/realization because in the story, because he reminisces about his life as a child and how happy he was then. It was also mentioned that, The little boy did wish so much to get a drum Maybe the little boy could be compared to Macario, who realized what he had become. Maybe all he wanted for Christmas was to go back to his life as a child where he didnt have to steal and where life was so simple and fun. Next, a short story has entirely one main plot, unlike a lot of novels whose plots divide into subplots and divide even further into more subplots.Basically, the plot of Macarios Noche-Buena is the current life of Macario as a thief, and his memories of his youth. The story starts on December 24th, Noche-Buena. Macario is hiding in a grove of bamboo trees waiting for someone to pass. After some time, a man on horseback arrived, whom Macario ordered to give him his money. He only had five pesos so Macario opened the bag that the man was carrying. In the bag, Macario found some groceries, but more importantly there also was also an assortment of toys. Some dolls, carriages, and a little drum.Macario got hold of the drum and then remembered the little drum that his grandfather had given him for Christmas many years back. After that, more memories locomote in, one when he was a young adult, where he was holding a bloodied bolo and a dead man in front of him. After this, it is stated in the story th at he ran, and after some distance he was caught by two guardia civilles, and then the story ends. Third, a short story has only one main setting. In this case, most of the story happens on a road with a spot of bamboo trees beside it.There is no longer a change of location like many longer narratives. This story focuses in general on Macarios actions and memories, the setting is not really important in Macarios Noche-Buena Lastly, the theme of most short stories contains a moral lesson to be learned. In Macarios Noche-Buena, Macario is a robber who on Christmas even finally realizes how much he has changed. From a happy young boy, he has turned into a man who steals toys meant to be given to children for Christmas. In this moment he remembers being given toys for Christmas by his Grandfather.The moral of the story is that even if you are driven into a corner and forced to do something evil, you should remember that there are also other human beings like you who will be affected b y the decisions you make. His miserable memories made him steal and kill and thereby the author is concluding the story in a meaningful way to show the very cause of his wrong deedsIn the same town some little children were unhappy although they each received a peso from their father. The little boy did wish so much to get a drum and the little girls wanted dolls very badly.